The+Middle+East+and+The+first+Gulf+War

The Middle East and the First Gulf War 1. Cause of War / Middle East 2. The First Gulf War Fighting 3. New World Order 4. Propaganda/Television 5. Technology 6. Fun Facts

1.**The First Gulf War**, otherwise referred to as the Persian Gulf War, was a conflict that took place between 1990-1991 between the United Nations and Iraq. Iraq, lead by Saddam Hussein, invaded their small neighboring country, Kuwait, which prompted international shock. The altercation between Persia and Iraq was said to be a result of oil theft and economic warfare. Many Arab states demanded that Saddam Hussein and his army withdraw from Kuwait. After failure to establish peace with Iraq, Arab states sought American economic and military support. The United Nations Security Council implemented the total trade embargo act against Iraq on August 6th. Following the embargo act, Operation Desert Shield deployed 60,000 American troops to the Saudi Arabian oil fields. With little cooperation from Saddam Hussein, on November 29, The United Nations established a January 15, 1991 deadline for Iraqi troops to abandon Kuwait before the UN acted with force against them. Expectantly, Hussein refused to abide by the UN's demands and as a result Operation Desert Storm was launched on January 18th.

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2.) A**fter obtaining Saudi Arabian approval**, the U.S. military ordered troops to occupy and unleash a war against Iraq. The Americans hoped to preserve cheap oil flow in the West. The first major act of violence was introduced on January 17, 1991, known as Operation Desert Storm. The United States almost instantly claimed air supremacy after the Air Force sent 1,300 men and the Navy fired hundreds of missiles. When U.S. President George H. W. Bush declared a cease-fire on Feb. 28, most of the Iraqi forces in Kuwait had either surrendered or fled.After several casualties but little reaction from Iraq, the United States initiated ground troops to attack. After just 4 days the troops had covered all ground in Iraq, causing panic amongst many Iraqi citizens. Six weeks after the breakout of war, the battle was officially won by the United Nations.

3.) **After World War II** and the collapse of communism, The USA has the power to be an emperor of the world. George H.W. Bush and William Clinton established what was called "New World Order." New Word Order was the unity of nations to protect peace and human rights of all those countries in need. The Persian Gulf War was the first test to the New World Order when the United States allied with Great Britain, France, Canada, Australia and various Arab states to protect the rights of Kuwait. The New World Order not only proved to be successful in dispersing Iraqi troops from Kuwait, but it also allowed the U.S. to surpass the Vietnam Legacy.

4.) **The Gulf War** was the first war fought that was televised to home across the country. With TV prices decreasing, the majority of families in America were able to supply a television. The news media entered a heated competition in order to receive the most views. Between stunning war images, exclusive interviews from the Pentagon, and frequent updates from Iraq, Americans were completely enthralled by the idea of war. The concise coverage of the war was an indirect form of propaganda which swayed many Americans to be in favor of the war across seas. It also proved to raise George H. Bush's presidency rating to 90%, a U.S. record. Other forms of propaganda including a testimony and journalism brought a lot of attention from the American public. //Time Magazine// published a special issue covering the entirety of the war.



5.) **The technology** in the First Gulf War mainly involved precision-guided munitions. Many buildings in downtown Baghdad were bombed using the AGM-130 guided missile. Other bombs included cluster bombs and daisy cutters. Cluster bombs had the ability to break apart many submunitions and daisy cutters were 15,000 pound bombs that destroyed anything within hundreds of yards. The Global Positioning System was also key in providing reliable directions and locations. It was a satellite system maintained by the United States Government and was very similar to a GPS system. It was useful in navigating U.S. troops through the Arabian and Iraqi areas. The Airborne Warning and Control System was also essential in allowing communication between Navy Fleets, Air Force Troops, and Ground Troops. It was a prominent reason for the success of the Coalition forces.

6.) **__ Fun Facts __**
 * In the Gulf War, 24 percent of the Americans killed in action and 15 percent of those wounded were accidentaly victimized by their own soldiers.
 * The largest oil spill occurred during the Gulf War on January 23rd when Iraq dumped 400 million gallons of oil into the arabian gulf in hopes of keeping the U.S. marine forces from coming ashore.
 * Total cost of the war- 61.1 billion dollars
 * American troops engaged- 2,183,000

7.) __Bibliography__

"Gulf War." //Violence in America//. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1999. Reproduced in History Resource Center. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale. [|http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/HistRC]  Tareq Y. Ismael and Jacqueline S. Ismael, eds., //The Gulf War and the New World Order International Relations of the Middle East// (Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 1994), iii, http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=65212218.

**Persian** Gulf War." //Encyclopædia Britannica//. //Encyclopædia Britannica Online School Edition//. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 23 May 2010 <[]>.

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